NAS 详细搭建方案 - 安装Ubuntu Server
目录
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1 2 安装硬件和操作系统 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3.1 2.4 3 安装软件 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5
Ubuntu Server
1 下载与安装
1.1 下载地址
Ubuntu官网下载: http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/18.04/release/ 我这里采用的版本为 Ubuntu Server 18.04.1 LTS
1.2 安装
和安装win server一样,先镜像上传到ESXI,然后直接新建虚拟机就可以了。硬件配置我分配了2G内存和20G硬盘。 加载完毕后,选择语言、选择安装位置、选择引导位置,然后等待安装结束重启。
2 后续配置
2.1 设置root密码
sudo passwd root Password:你当前的密码 Enter new UNIX password:这个是root的密码 Retype new UNIX password:重复root的密码
2.2 设置静态IP
Ubuntu18.04采用的是netplan来管理network。所以可以在/etc/netplan/目录下创建一个以yaml结尾的文件。比如01-netplan.yaml文件。 然后在此文件下写入以下配置(注意保留空格缩进):
network: version: 2 renderer: networkd ethernets: ens160: dhcp4: no addresses: [192.168.1.102/24] gateway4: 192.168.1.1 nameservers: addresses: [8.8.8.8, 114.114.114.114]
然后重启网络
sudo netplan apply
2.3 修改时区
输入timedatectl status如果显示的时间不对,则使用如下命令修改时区
sudo timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
2.4 更新系统,升级应用
添加更新源。服务器版的ubuntu更新源很少,需要吧一些常用的更新源添加进去
sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list # 在最后添加下列源,并保存: ####################################### deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates universe deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main restricted deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security universe deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security multiverse # 163源 deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse # ######################################################################
更新源及系统:
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade
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如果update出错
sudo vim /etc/resolv.conf 把nameserver的值换为8.8.8.8
再重启网络服务
/etc/init.d/networking restart
2.5 挂载nas盘
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挂载
sudo apt-get install nfs-common cd ~ sudo mkdir nfs cd nfs sudo mkdir Download sudo mount -t nfs 192.168.1.100:/Download /home/username/nfs/Download # 添加开机自动挂载 sudo vim /etc/fstab # 在文件最后加上下面内容 192.168.1.100:/Download /home/username/nfs/Download nfs defaults 0 0
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卸载
sudo umount 192.168.1.100:/Download /home/username/nfs/Download
3 安装必要的软件
sudo apt-get install gcc sudo apt-get install g++ sudo apt-get install make sudo apt-get install unzip sudo apt-get install apache2 sudo apt-get install -y php7.2