python的钉钉群，推送消息和文件

首先附上 钉钉的开放开发文档链接:

1. 推送消息 https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp-server/send-group-messages
2. 推送文件 https://open.dingtalk.com/document/isvapp-server/upload-media-files

钉钉开发

在钉钉的开发过程，基本是用到了企业(当前所在的组织架构)的开发权限限制，需要开通。

首先要你需要在企业的钉钉开发平台创建一个应用

然后

1. 登录钉钉开发者后台。
2. 在应用开发页面，单击目标应用进入应用详情页面。
3. 在基础信息页面，复制应用的AppKey和AppSecre

真找不到，看钉钉文档 https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp-server/obtain-orgapp-token

其次获取企业的access_token

def getAccess_token():
    _appkey = 你自己的appkey
    _appsecret = 你自己的appsecret

    url = https://oapi.dingtalk.com/gettoken?appkey=%s&appsecret=%s % (_appkey, _appsecret)

    headers = {
        Content-Type: "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
    }
    data = {appkey: _appkey,
            appsecret: _appsecret}
    r = requests.request(GET, url, data=data, headers=headers)
    access_token = r.json()["access_token"]

    print(access_token)
    return access_token

钉钉群消息推送

钉钉群里消息可以直接在钉钉群创建一个群机器人，通过这个机器人发送消息。不必通过的用access_token方式调用.

一般群里只有群主才能设置群管理员 附上钉钉文档链接 https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp-server/obtain-orgapp-token

def sendmess():
    url = 机器人webhook
    headers = {
          
   content-type: application/json,
               User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:22.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/22.0}
    post_data = {
          
   
        "msgtype": "text",

        "text": {
          
   
            "content": "通知: 测试信息."
        },
        "at": {
          
   
            "atUserIds": ["10093530"],
        }
    }
    r = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=json.dumps(post_data))
    print(r.content)

钉钉群发送文件

需要先上传文件，获取文件的 media_id

def getMedia_id():
    access_token = getAccess_token()  
    # 获取要推送文件的路径
    # path = os.getcwd()
    # file = os.path.join(path, 文件名)
    file = r文件路径  
    url = https://oapi.dingtalk.com/media/upload?access_token=%s&type=file % access_token
    files = {
          
   media: open(file, rb)}
    data = {
          
   access_token: access_token,
            type: file}
    response = requests.post(url, files=files, data=data)
    json = response.json()
    print(json)
    return json["media_id"]

根据media_id去推送消息，还需要获取钉钉群的chatid.

def SendFile():
    access_token = getAccess_token()
    media_id = getMedia_id()
    chatid = 钉钉群的chatid
    url = https://oapi.dingtalk.com/chat/send?access_token= + access_token
    header = {
          
   
        Content-Type: application/json
    }
    data = {
          
   access_token: access_token,
            chatid: chatid,
            msg: {
          
   
                msgtype: file,
                file: {
          
   media_id: media_id}
            }}
    r = requests.request(POST, url, data=json.dumps(data), headers=header)
    print(r.json())

chatid获取的方式是可以在开发者后台去获取 还有一种方式是 直接用代码创建一个会话群，可以返回一个chatid

def get_chatid():
	access_token = 
	url = https://oapi.dingtalk.com/chat/create?access_token=%s % access_token
	
	data = {name: 群名称,
	        owner: 群主userid,
	        useridlist: [成员列表userid]}  #注意这边必须要加入群主的userid
	r = requests.post(url, data=json.dumps(data))
	mess = r.json()
	print(mess)