c语言printf和flush用法,C中printf 和write的区别
调试程序过程中遇到一个问题:遇到printf的语句时有时候能马上打印出字符串,有时候要程序退出时才一次性打印出字符串,但是write每次都能直接打印出字符串。
原来是因为printf是行缓冲函数,只有满了一行才马上打印, write在用户态没有缓冲,所以直接输出。
eg:
#include #include #include int main(void)
{
int fd;
char str[100];
//创建文件,并输入任意内容供测试
fd = open("test3.6.file", O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0660);
if(fd < 0)
err_quit("open test3.6.file failed");
write(fd, "Hello world! ", 13);
write(fd, "1234567890 ", 11);
write(fd, "abcdefg ", 8);
close(fd);
//测试读取从 文件开头,中间,结尾
fd = open("test3.6.file", O_RDWR | O_APPEND);
if(fd < 0)
err_quit("open test3.6.file rdwr failed");
printf("read from start: ");
//fflush(stdout);
lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
if( read(fd, str, 13) > 0)
write(STDOUT_FILENO, str, strlen(str));
printf("read from MID: ");
// fflush(stdout);
lseek(fd, 14, SEEK_SET);
if( read(fd, str, 11) > 0)
write(STDOUT_FILENO, str, strlen(str));
printf("read from END: ");
// fflush(stdout);
lseek(fd, -8, SEEK_END);
if( read(fd, str, 8) > 0)
write(STDOUT_FILENO, str, strlen(str));
//测试往文件中写
lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
write(fd, "##########", 10);
lseek(fd, 20, SEEK_SET);
write(fd, "@@@@@@@@@@", 10);
lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
write(fd, "**********", 10);
exit(0);
}
如果把上面代码中fflush注释掉,那每次运行的结果如下:
Hello world!
234567890
********
read from start: read from MID: read from END:
如果再printf打印的字符串后面添加‘ ’或者fflush, 则能正常输出:
read from start: Hello world!
read from MID: 234567890
read from END: ********
调试程序过程中遇到一个问题:遇到printf的语句时有时候能马上打印出字符串,有时候要程序退出时才一次性打印出字符串,但是write每次都能直接打印出字符串。 原来是因为printf是行缓冲函数,只有满了一行才马上打印, write在用户态没有缓冲,所以直接输出。 eg: #include #include #include int main(void) { int fd; char str[100]; //创建文件,并输入任意内容供测试 fd = open("test3.6.file", O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0660); if(fd < 0) err_quit("open test3.6.file failed"); write(fd, "Hello world! ", 13); write(fd, "1234567890 ", 11); write(fd, "abcdefg ", 8); close(fd); //测试读取从 文件开头,中间,结尾 fd = open("test3.6.file", O_RDWR | O_APPEND); if(fd < 0) err_quit("open test3.6.file rdwr failed"); printf("read from start: "); //fflush(stdout); lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET); if( read(fd, str, 13) > 0) write(STDOUT_FILENO, str, strlen(str)); printf("read from MID: "); // fflush(stdout); lseek(fd, 14, SEEK_SET); if( read(fd, str, 11) > 0) write(STDOUT_FILENO, str, strlen(str)); printf("read from END: "); // fflush(stdout); lseek(fd, -8, SEEK_END); if( read(fd, str, 8) > 0) write(STDOUT_FILENO, str, strlen(str)); //测试往文件中写 lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET); write(fd, "##########", 10); lseek(fd, 20, SEEK_SET); write(fd, "@@@@@@@@@@", 10); lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END); write(fd, "**********", 10); exit(0); } 如果把上面代码中fflush注释掉,那每次运行的结果如下: Hello world! 234567890 ******** read from start: read from MID: read from END: 如果再printf打印的字符串后面添加‘ ’或者fflush, 则能正常输出: read from start: Hello world! read from MID: 234567890 read from END: ********